Alprazolam, commonly known by its brand name Xanax, is a prescription medication belonging to the benzodiazepine class. It is primarily used to manage anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and anxiety caused by depression. Alprazolam works by enhancing the effects of a natural chemical in the body called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which promotes a calming effect on the nervous system.

 

Approved by the FDA in 1981, alprazolam quickly became one of the most commonly prescribed benzodiazepines due to its rapid onset of action and effectiveness. It is available in various forms, including tablets, extended-release tablets, and orally disintegrating tablets, allowing for flexible dosing options based on individual patient needs.

 

Despite its effectiveness, alprazolam carries a risk of dependency and abuse, particularly with long-term use. Therefore, it is typically prescribed for short-term relief and under strict medical supervision. Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, increased saliva production, and changes in sex drive or ability. Severe side effects, though rare, can include hallucinations, suicidal thoughts, and yellowing of the skin or eyes.